Introduction: Combat stress reaction (CSR) is a trauma and one of the unpleasant results of war. CSR includes a wide range of physical, psychological and behavioral injuries that occur after the war. The present study reviews signs and symptoms of CSR as well as how to prevent and treatment this condition.

Method: This article is written based on a systematic review, which is conducted in Pup med, Google scholar and Elsevier, Handbook of Military Psychology edited by Reuven Gal and David Mangelsdorff, Military psychology: clinical and operational applications / edited by Carrie H. Kennedy, Eric A. Zillmer and The Oxford Handbook of Military Psychology edited by Janice H. Laurence Michael D. Matthews in a ten-year time frame; with Combat stress, physical and psychological reaction as keywords.

Findings: Results show the effect of Combat stress on performance and efficiency of military personnel at war throughout different historical periods.

Conclusion: Combat stress significantly affects the performance of military units; therefore, it's important to design plans to control, prevent and treat this condition.