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Evaluation of the Risk Factors and Prognosis of Patients with Sepsis
Admitted to Khanevadeh and Imam Reza Hospitals in Tehran during
2021-2022
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Amir Malekpour   , Saeed Soleiman-Meigooni , Mohammad Hassan Kazemi-Galougahi , Ali Asgari , Jalil Rajabi , Mosa Ahmadi |
| Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
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Abstract: (50 Views) |
Introduction: Sepsis is a prevalent, life-threatening infectious syndrome
characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive
evaluation of underlying predisposing factors are crucial for optimizing
patient outcomes. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the risk
factors and prognosis of patients admitted with a diagnosis of sepsis.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using a cross-sectional
design. The study population comprised adult patients who were diagnosed
with sepsis by an infectious diseases physician, confirmed by a positive
procalcitonin test, and admitted to Khanevadeh and Imam Reza hospitals
affiliated with AJA University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran, during
2021–2022. After obtaining the necessary ethical approvals, relevant clinical,
paraclinical, and radiological data were extracted from the Hospital Information
System (HIS). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24,
applying Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and logistic regression tests. This study
was approved by the Ethics Committee of AJA University of Medical Sciences
(Ethics code: IR.AJAUMS.REC.1400.052).
Results: The medical records of 134 patients were reviewed, including 73
males (54.5%) and 61 females (45.5%), with a mean age of 68.7 years. The
leading infectious syndromes associated with sepsis were pneumonia (66 cases,
49.3%) and urinary tract infections (33 cases, 24.6%). Overall, 92 patients
(68.7%) recovered, while 42 patients (31.3%) died. Univariate analysis identified
significant associations between mortality and age ≥65 years (p=0.008),
positive blood cultures (p=0.001), diabetes mellitus (p=0.002), cerebrovascular
accidents (p=0.001), renal failure (p=0.002), and immunodeficiency
(p=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis further demonstrated that
immunodeficiency (OR=5.56), positive blood culture (OR=1.93), and diabetes
mellitus (OR=1.73) were the strongest predictors of mortality. Deceased
patients were significantly older than survivors (76.1 vs. 65.3 years; p=0.001)
and had longer hospital stays (16.2 vs. 10.1 days; p=0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the most common causes
of sepsis were pneumonia and urinary tract infections, which resulted in
death in approximately one-third of patients with positive procalcitonin. It is
recommended that clinical and regional-specific protocols be developed for
the early screening of sepsis in patients over 65 years of age, immunocompromised
individuals, and those with chronic conditions such as diabetes.
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Article number: 1 |
| Keywords: Sepsis, Procalcitonin, Risk Factors, Blood Culture, Prognosis |
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Full-Text [PDF 507 kb]
(65 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2026/02/4 | Accepted: 2026/02/4 | Published: 2026/02/5
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