fa مدیریت امداد و درمان مصدومین شیمیایی در دوران دفاع مقدس: یک مطالعه مروری متمرکز تخصصي Special مروری Review <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه و هدف: در جنگ</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحمیلی</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">عراق علیه ایران، </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">عوامل شیمیایی علیه نیروهای ایرانی استفاده شد و تعداد زیادی از افراد نظامی و غیرنظامی در مواجهه با این عوامل مجروح یا کشته شدند لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیرات این سلاح ها و رویکردهای مدیریتی تلفات شیمیایی در دوران دفاع مقدس انجام شده است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش ها: &nbsp;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این مطالعه یک مطالعه مروری متمرکز است که پژوهشگران برای بررسی متون مرتبط با موضوع و هدف پژوهش، منابع واجد شرایط را در پایگاه داده</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">الکترونیک </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">PubMed</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Scopus</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Google Scholar</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Sid</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Magiran</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">منابع کتابخانه ای جستجو نمودند. پس از جستجوی به عمل آمده در بازه زمانی نامحدود، در مجموع، 235 منبع حاصل شد. 75 مقاله براساس عنوان و چکیده، بازیابی شده و در نهایت 23 مقاله انتخاب و وارد مطالعه شدند و نتایج آن ها مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار گرفت. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتایج:کارکنان بهداشت و درمان نیروهای نظامی</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در طول جنگ درگیر مشکلات</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بسیاری</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بودند. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">رمز موفقیت امداد و درمان جانبازان شیمیایی، برنامه ریزی، آموزش و سازماندهی تیم های پزشکی از خط مقدم تا شهرهای پشت جبهه بود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بحث و نتیجه گیری: </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اکنون با گذشت بیش از 30 سال از زمان جنگ، مجروحان جسمی، روحی و شیمیایی بسیاری بر جای مانده اند. کشف،</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نگهداری،</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تسهیم،</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تبادل، به</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کارگیری</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و توسعه</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دانش</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کارکنان</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مراقبت</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بهداشتی به ویژه کارکنان بهداشت و درمان نیروهای مسلح می تواند به حفظ تجربیات و درس آموخته های دوران دفاع مقدس و ارتقای پاسخ به حوادث احتمالی و مشابه در آینده کمک نماید. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background and Aim: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In the Iraq-imposed war against Iran, A large number of military and civilian people were injured or killed in the face of these factors. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating how chemical weapons are used, the effects of these weapons and the management approaches of chemical casualties during the holy defense period.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This study is a scoping review study in which the researchers searched the qualified sources in the electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran and library sources to review the literature</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;related to the topic and purpose of the research. After the search, a total of 235 sources were obtained. 75 articles were retrieved based on the title and abstract, and finally 23 articles were selected and included in the study and their results were analyzed. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Military healthcare personnel</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="line-height:107%"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;</span></span><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">were involved in many problems during the war. The key to the success of the relief and treatment of chemical injuries was the planning, training and organization of medical teams from the front line to the cities behind the front. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Discussion and Conclusion: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Now, more than 30 years have passed since the war, many physical, mental and chemical injuries have been left behind. Discovering, maintaining, sharing, exchanging, applying and developing the knowledge of health care personnel, especially health care personnel of the armed forces, can help preserve the experiences and lessons learned during the holy defense period and improve the response to possible and similar incidents in the future&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; کلمات کلیدی: امداد, جنگ ایران- عراق, درمان, شیمیایی, مصدوم Key words: aid, Iran-Iraq war, treatment, chemical, casualty 74 81 http://npwjm.ajaums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4354-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Somayeh Azarmi سمیه آزرمی azarmi1363@yahoo.com 10031947532846005643 10031947532846005643 No Ph.D. Health in Emergencies and disasters Departments, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. دکتری تخصصی سلامت در بلایا و فوریت ها، استادیار، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آجا، تهران، ایران. Faeze Baniyaghoobi فائضه بنی یعقوبی faeze.baniyaghoobi@gmail.com 10031947532846005644 10031947532846005644 Yes Department of Military Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. مربی هیئت علمی، دپارتمان پرستاری نظامی، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آجا، تهران، ایران. Farshid Alazmani Noodeh فرشید الازمنی نوده farshid.gorgani@gmail.com 10031947532846005645 10031947532846005645 No Phd in Nursing ,Assistant Professor,Critical Care Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. دکترای تخصصی پرستاری، استادیار، گروه مراقبت های ویژه، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آجا، تهران، ایران. Mohammad Afshar Ardalan محمد افشار اردلان afshar.ardalan5@gmail.com 10031947532846005646 10031947532846005646 No Medicin Department, Faculty of Medicin, Aja University of Medical Sciences متخصص داخلی، جانشین معاونت بهداشت امداد درمان و آموزش پزشکی ارتش Faramarz Ehsani فرامرز احسانی faeze.baniyaghoobi@ajaums.ac.ir 10031947532846005647 10031947532846005647 No Researcher in Medical Sciences, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. پژوهشگر و مدرس ، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی آجا، تهران، ایران.