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Evaluation of the Risk Factors and Prognosis of Patients with Sepsis Admitted to Khanevadeh and Imam Reza Hospitals in Tehran during 2021-2022
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Amir Malekpour   , Saeed Soleiman-Meigooni , Mohammad Hassan Kazemi-Galougahi , Ali Asgari , Jalil Rajabi , Mousa Ahmadi |
| Infectious Diseases Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
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Abstract: (586 Views) |
Background: Sepsis is a prevalent, life-threatening infectious syndrome characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive evaluation of underlying predisposing factors are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the risk factors and prognosis of patients admitted with a diagnosis of sepsis.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. The study population comprised adult patients who were diagnosed with sepsis by an infectious diseases physician, confirmed by a positive procalcitonin test, and admitted to Khanevadeh and Imam Reza hospitals affiliated with AJA University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran, during 2021–2022. After obtaining the necessary ethical approvals, relevant clinical, paraclinical, and radiological data were extracted from the Hospital Information System (HIS). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24, applying Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and logistic regression tests. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of AJA University of Medical Sciences (Ethics code: IR.AJAUMS.REC.1400.052).
Results: The medical records of 134 patients were reviewed, including 73 males (54.5%) and 61 females (45.5%), with a mean age of 68.7 years. The leading infectious syndromes associated with sepsis were pneumonia (66 cases, 49.3%) and urinary tract infections (33 cases, 24.6%). Overall, 92 patients (68.7%) recovered, while 42 patients (31.3%) died. Univariate analysis identified significant associations between mortality and age ≥65 years (p=0.008), positive blood cultures (p=0.001), diabetes mellitus (p=0.002), cerebrovascular accidents (p=0.001), renal failure (p=0.002), and immunodeficiency (p=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis further demonstrated that immunodeficiency (OR=5.56), positive blood culture (OR=1.93), and diabetes mellitus (OR=1.73) were the strongest predictors of mortality. Deceased patients were significantly older than survivors (76.1 vs. 65.3 years; p=0.001) and had longer hospital stays (16.2 vs. 10.1 days; p=0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the most common causes of sepsis were pneumonia and urinary tract infections, which resulted in death in approximately one-third of patients with positive procalcitonin. It is recommended that clinical and regional-specific protocols be developed for the early screening of sepsis in patients over 65 years of age, immunocompromised individuals, and those with chronic conditions such as diabetes.
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Article number: 01 |
| Keywords: Sepsis, Procalcitonin, Risk Factors, Blood Culture, Prognosis |
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Full-Text [PDF 507 kb]
(212 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2026/02/4 | Accepted: 2026/02/4 | Published: 2026/02/5
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